Nitrogen is a deep acceptor in ZnO
نویسندگان
چکیده
Zinc oxide is a promising material for blue and UV solid-state lighting devices, among other applications. Nitrogen has been regarded as a potential p-type dopant for ZnO. However, recent calculations [Lyons, Janotti, and Van de Walle, Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 252105 (2009)] indicate that nitrogen is a deep acceptor. This paper presents experimental evidence that nitrogen is, in fact, a deep acceptor and therefore cannot produce p-type ZnO. A broad photoluminescence (PL) emission band near 1.7 eV, with an excitation onset of ∼2.2 eV, was observed, in agreement with the deep-acceptor model of the nitrogen defect. The deep-acceptor behavior can be explained by the low energy of the ZnO valence band relative to the vacuum level. C © 2011 Author(s). This article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. [doi:10.1063/1.3582819]
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Experimental Evidence for Nitrogen as a Deep Acceptor in ZnO
While zinc oxide is a promising material for blue and UV solid-state lighting devices, the lack of p-type doping has prevented ZnO from becoming a dominant material for optoelectronic applications. Over the past decade, numerous reports have claimed that nitrogen is a viable ptype dopant in ZnO. However, recent calculations by Lyons, Janotti, and Van de Walle [Appl. Phys. Lett. 95, 252105 (2009...
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